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Albania (Latin: ''ラテン語:Albānia'', Greek: ,〔James Stuart Olson. An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires. ISBN 0-313-27497-5〕 in Old Armenian: Աղուանք ''Ałuankʿ'' (''Aguank''),〔the grapheme ''ł'' is variously transcribed as ''l, g,'' and ''gh'', resulting in variations ''Aluan/Alvan, Aguan/Agvan,'' and ''Aghuan/Aghvan'' (translations by K.Patkanian 1861, Sh.В. Smbatian 1984, A.A.Akopian 1987, et al〕 Parthian: ''Ardhan'', Middle Persian: ''Arran''; (グルジア語:რანი, ''Rani'')); usually referred to as Caucasian Albania for disambiguation with the modern state of Albania (the native name for the country is unknown〔Robert H. Hewsen. "Ethno-History and the Armenian Influence upon the Caucasian Albanians", in: Samuelian, Thomas J. (Ed.), ''Classical Armenian Culture. Influences and Creativity''. Chicago: 1982, pp. 27-40.〕〔Bosworth, Clifford E. (Arran ). ''Encyclopædia Iranica''.〕), is a name for the historical region of the eastern Caucasus, that existed on the territory of present-day republic of Azerbaijan (where both of its capitals were located) and partially southern Dagestan. Around the first centuries BC and AD the land south of the Greater Caucasus and north of the Lesser Caucasus was divided between Kolchis in the west, Caucasian Iberia in the center and Caucasian Albania in the east. To the southwest was Armenia and to the southeast Atropatene. After the rise of the Parthian Empire the kings of Caucasian Albania were replaced with an Arsacid family and would later be succeeded by another Iranian royal family in the 5th century AD, the Mihranids. ==Names== The Parthian name was ''Ardhan'' (Middle Persian: ''Arran'').〔 The Arabic was ''ar-Rān''.〔〔V. Minorsky. ''Caucasica IV.'' Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 15, No. 3. (1953), p. 504〕 The name of the country in the language of the native population, the Caucasian Albanians, is not known.〔 Aghuank (Old Armenian: Աղուանք ''Ałuankʿ'', Modern Armenian: Աղվանք ''Aġvank’'') is the Armenian and the most historically referenced name for Caucasian Albania. Armenian authors mention that the name derived from the word "ału" («աղու») meaning amiable in Armenian. The term ''Aghuank'' is polysemous and is also used in Armenian sources to denote the region between the Kur and Araxes rivers as part of Armenia.〔''History of Armenia composed by abbot Chamchian, Mikayel. ''Պատմութիւն Հայոց'' (''History of Armenia''). Venice, 1786, p. 131.〕 In the latter case it is sometimes used in the form "Armenian Aghuank" or "Hay-Aghuank".〔A. Yanovskiy, ''About the Ancient Caucasian Albania.'' (А. Яновский, О древней Кавказской Албании. Журнал МНЛ, 1864, ч. II, с. 180.)〕〔S. V. Yushkov, ''On question of the boundaries of ancient Albania.'' Moskow, 1937, p. 137. (С. В. Юшков, К вопросу о границах древней Албании. «Исторические записки АН СССР», т. I, М., 1937, с. 137.)〕〔Ghevond Alishan, ''Aghuank'' (Ղևոնդ Ալիշան, «Աղուանք»), Venice: "Bazmavep", 1970, N 11-12, p. 341.〕 The Armenian historian of the region, Movses Kaghankatvatsi, who left the only more or less complete historical account about the region, explains the name Aghvank as a derivation from the word ''ału'' (Armenian for sweet, soft, tender), which, he said, was the nickname of Caucasian Albania's first governor Arran and referred to his lenient personality.〔''The History of Aluank'' by Moses of Kalankatuyk. Book I, chapter IV〕 Movses Kaghankatvatsi and other ancient sources explain ''Arran'' or ''Arhan'' as the name of the legendary founder of Caucasian Albania (Aghvan) or even of the Iranian tribe known as Alans (Alani), who in some versions was a son of Noah's son Yafet.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Moses Kalankatuatsi. History of country of Aluank. Chapter IV )〕 James Darmesteter, translator of the Avesta, compared ''Arran'' with ''Airyana Vaego''〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Darmesteter's translation and notes )〕 which he also considered to have been in the Araxes-Ararat region,〔Darmesteter, James (trans., ed.). "Vendidad." ''Zend Avesta I'' (SBE 4). Oxford University Press, 1880. p. 3, p. 5 n.2,3.〕 although modern theories tend to place this in the east of Iran. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Caucasian Albania」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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